A Volumetric Approach to Physically-Based Rendering of Fabrics

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@TECHREPORT{schroeder2011_physically_tr,
       author = {Schr{\"o}der, Kai and Klein, Reinhard and Zinke, Arno},
        title = {A Volumetric Approach to Physically-Based Rendering of Fabrics},
      journal = {Universit{\"a}t Bonn, Technical Report},
       volume = {CG-2011},
       number = {CG-2011-1},
         year = {2011},
        month = jan,
  institution = {Universit{\"a}t Bonn},
     abstract = {Efficient physically accurate modeling and rendering of woven cloth at a yarn level is an inherently
                 complicated task due to the underlying geometrical and optical complexity. In this paper, a novel
                 and general approach to physically accurate cloth rendering is presented.
                 By using a statistical volumetric model approximating the distribution of yarn fibers, a
                 prohibitively costly explicit geometrical representation is avoided. As a result, accurate rendering
                 of even large pieces of fabrics containing orders of magnitudes more fibers becomes practical
                 without scarifying much generality compared to fiber based techniques. By employing the concept of
                 local visiblity and introducing the angular length density, limitations of existing volumetric
                 approaches regarding self shadowing and fiber density estimation are greatly reduced.}
}